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Elephants are struggling to survive in an uphill war against poaching. The largest animal on land is disappearing at an alarming rate. But 2016 started off with a glimmer of hope, as Hong Kong Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying promised during his policy address to “actively explore other appropriate measures, such as…phase out the local ivory trade”.
Over the past year, the Hong Kong government has undergone a major shift: from denying Hong Kong’s ivory market was causing elephant deaths, to admitting the ivory trade’s regulatory system is flawed, before becoming “open-minded” about an ivory ban, to announcing plans to ban ivory.
A customs officer displays seized ivory at Hong Kong International Airport. The 790kg of ivory was detected by customs officers in the baggage of 15 Vietnamese passengers as they waited in the transit lounge to board a flight out of Hong Kong. Traffic, the wildlife trade monitoring network, says that Cambodia and Vietnam are key transit points for ivory bound for consumption in China. Photo: EPAThis is truly a milestone for the world’s elephants. It has only been achievable with cross-sector unity. First, conservation groups exposed how the regulatory system in Hong Kong was being exploited to smuggle illegal ivory directly from Africa. Second, public sentiment is strongly behind a ban. Third, political groups united to pass a motion in the Legislative Council calling for the government to explore further restrictions, so as to ultimately achieve a total ban on the domestic trade.
China is now moving quickly, with signs that the trade could end as soon as 2017
International momentum is growing, with Pope Francis, Britain’s Prince William and the UN General Assembly all speaking up against the illegal ivory trade. Remarkably, US President Barack Obama and Chinese President Xi Jinping (???) reached a consensus to halt their domestic ivory trade. China is now moving quickly, with signs that the trade could end as soon as 2017.
A wildlife conservation activist protests against the illegal trade in ivory inside the Chinese Goods Centre, a store that sells ivory products in North Point, Hong Kong. Activists allege that the city’s legal trade in ivory is providing a cover for newly poached ivory from illegally killed African elephants to enter the market. Photo: Alex Hofford
The disappearance of such majestic animals has devastating consequences for the fragile ecosystem
It is becoming harder to deny that it is totally impractical to govern a legal ivory trade. Evidence of system failures can be found in Hong Kong, the US, China and even Japan, which was renowned for having the best practices in controlling its ivory trade.
The disappearance of such majestic animals has devastating consequences for the fragile ecosystem that relies on elephants, for example, to spread the seeds of trees, to engineer the landscape for grazing animals and to attract tourists for local communities.
Kenyan Maasai tribesman and conservationist Daniel Ole Sambu (third from left), with supporters from animal rights groups, calls on the Hong Kong government to ban the domestic ivory trade. Photo: Jonathan WongHong Kong’s decision to phase out the ivory trade is in line with world progression, and will strike a major blow against the global illegal wildlife trade. It is no longer a question of if a ban is needed; we can focus on “when” and “how”.
The next step is to rapidly implement this decision and develop a concrete timeline to phase out the trade. The ivory trade has been prolonged for 25 years since the global trade ban, and Hong Kong may risk a swelling black market as China squeezes out its domestic trade. With close to 100 elephants being poached every day, there is no time to waste.
Cheryl Lo is senior wildlife crime officer, and Gavin Edwards is conservation director, at WWF – Hong Kong
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